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Mountain
The ocean is a vast expanse of salt water that separates the continents and covers 70% of the Earth's surface. Thanks to the plant elements in the plankton that drift across its surface, the ocean captures 30% of greenhouse gas emissions and emits 50% of the oxygen we breathe - one in two breaths! This has earned it the nickname "the lungs of the Earth".
The ocean is a vast expanse of salt water that separates the continents and covers 70% of the Earth's surface. Thanks to the plant elements in the plankton that drift across its surface, the ocean captures 30% of greenhouse gas emissions and emits 50% of the oxygen we breathe - one in two breaths! This has earned it the nickname "the lungs of the Earth".
A mountain is first and foremost a form of terrestrial relief characterized by a significant elevation of the terrain, with a steep difference in level between the summit and the valleys. If we add to this definition all the peaks, gentle or steep slopes and connecting valleys, the mountain environment is made up of a mosaic of rocky and verdant zones, irrigated by small streams, lakes and large torrents that are home to a flourishing biodiversity, particularly well adapted to its environment. So much so that mountain ecosystems account for some 25% of known terrestrial biodiversity, most of which is endemic or protected. Ibexes, chamois, marmots and snow voles make their home here, alongside iconic species such as the golden eagle, the lynx and even the bear.
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Le relief est faiblement montagneux : les altitudes dépassent rarement 240 mètres, mais les côtes alternent falaises, lagunes et plages de galets, formant un paysage insulaire contrasté.
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L’archipel constitue une halte migratoire majeure pour les oiseaux de mer : macareux, guillemots, guillemots, plongeons, bécasseaux etc.
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Les phoques gris et phoques du Groenland fréquentent régulièrement les côtes, parfois rejoints par des baleines à bosse en migration et dauphins communs et à flancs blancs.
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Les eaux de l’archipel abritent une biodiversité marine boréale : morue franche, capelan, lompe, homard, crabes et forêts de laminaires riches en invertébrés.
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L’archipel est un écosystème fragile, sensible au changement climatique, à la hausse du niveau de la mer et à la perturbation des écosystèmes marins, mais aussi un laboratoire naturel pour l’étude de la résilience des milieux insulaires.
